Sep 08, 2020
The agricultural waste treatment is different from the Sewage treatment plant manufacturer usually, after harvest materials like straw, sugarcane trash, plants, grass, etc are used for livestock feeding whereas remainings like feedings, herbs, weeds are usually dried and burned in the field, or otherwise farmers will leave the remainings in the field as it is for several days. This sometimes causes the anaerobic condition and leads to a bad smell and become the hub for many microorganisms which may also spread diseases. After harvesting the crops, the dry waste generated is burnt by the farmers which emit smoke and ashes into the atmosphere which causes air pollution. It is risky action as there are chances of catching fire due to the natural wind flow which may lead to disaster. Therefore proper and planned management of solid wastes in the agricultural field and agricultural processing industry is necessary.
Agriculture is the backbone of many developing nations and is one of the largest contributors to the resource sector. Millions of people practice agriculture as their occupation in the world. With the increase in the population, there is a rise in the demand for food and food products supply, so many people are practicing modern agriculture to meet the demand. Modern agriculture uses the latest farming techniques along with artificial fertilizers. People are also practicing garden farming using modern methods. The demand for animal products such as milk products and meat is also high and producers have found ways to increase productivity and decrease the unit cost of production. Chemicals such as fossil fuels, inorganic fertilizers, and pesticides, improved genetics of production species are enhancing the increase in the production.
Agriculture and animal farming also leave out wastes after they are harvested. Since agriculture is on a large scale, the agricultural wastes generated cannot be ignored and proper care to be taken to decompose it through the agricultural waste management program. If the agricultural wastes are not disposed of properly they can be harmful to the environment and human beings as they contain various chemicals, minute metal particles, pharmaceuticals, and pathogens. When fertilizers are applied to the crops nutrients are absorbed by them and other materials are generally rendered harmless in the soil. The purpose of the waste management program is to protect the environment and living organisms by keeping manure and contaminated waters out of surface and groundwater
(Water Technology). It should be ensured that the application of manure nutrients to cropland such that nutrients are available in the right proportion.
Usually, after harvest materials like straw, sugarcane trash, plants, grass, etc are used for livestock feeding whereas remainings like feedings, herbs, weeds are usually dried and burned in the field, or otherwise farmers will leave the remainings in the field as it is for several days. This some times cause anaerobic condition and leads to bad smell and become the hub for many microorganisms which may also spread diseases. After harvesting of the crops, the dry waste generated is burnt by the farmers which emit smokes and ashes into the atmosphere which causes air pollution. It is risky action as there are chances of catching fire due to the natural wind flow which may lead to disaster. Therefore proper and planned management of solid wastes in the agricultural field and agricultural processing industry is necessary.
The basic solution for agricultural waste management is compost. Vermiculture is biotechnology for converting waste into compost. Agricultural waste contains biodegradable hemicellulose and cellulose materials, upon decomposition they give rich nutrients to plants. Cowdung can be used as a manure and is commonly available in rural areas as it is derived from the livestock and is rich in nutrients and microorganisms.
Presently, about 960 million tonnes of solid waste materials are generated annually in India as a by-product during industrial, mining, municipal, agricultural, and other processes. Of this around 350 million tonnes are agricultural wastes and are organic in nature, 290 million tonnes are an inorganic waste of industrial and mining sectors and about 4.5 million tonnes are found hazardous in nature.
Efforts are also made to convert agricultural wastes to produce energy through biogas. This is going to be a future trend as people are getting aware of renewable energy sources.
